. >> kevin mathews from oklahoma. my question is to ms. davies. the question on the type one and tied to thinking and the way that we are influenced in the fact that we have the implicit bias, when we use the tight to thinking and the rationale, has your research shown that that actually makes a difference in the way people will act and specifically when we talking about voting, these things to their stated value as we said before, the stated values of having a safe republic and costing less when we cater to that type of thinking has your research show that is effective in making the change or do we know that's the way people think? >> it can make a difference if it is informed, if it is informed and a local thinking. but a lot of thinking that we do, we think of as rationale that it's actually quite irrational. so it depends on whether a police officer who is engaged in a particular police practice, for example, understand the way that practice operates structurally, and also the officer may be susceptible to implicit bias when engaged in that pr